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Analýza využitelnosti jednoduchých indikátorů pastevního tlaku zvěře na les pro plánování lovu v honitbách
Rachůnek, Karel
This work deals with the analysis and evaluation of the usability of simple indicators of grazing pressure of game on the forest. The territory in the Zlín region was selected for the elaboration of this bachelor's thesis, specifically the hunting of MS Kyčera. The field survey was performed by the patrol method. Data from control and comparison areas (CCA), transects and artificial cultures were used to assess damage. Eight stands were selected for evaluation. Three main tree species in the area were evaluated, namely beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and white fir (Abies alba). Based on the damage by grazing pressure, the number of ungulates in the given area was evaluated.
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Škody zvěří v honitbách Lesů České republiky,s.p., Lesní správa Šternberk
Ellnerová, Hana
This bachelor's thesis deals with game damage that was caused in hunting areas of the Šternberk forest administration. The aim was to verify whether the increased catch is reflected in the area of damage. Using a statistical investigation, I developed a regression analysis of the data, which showed that there is a relationship between hunting and damage. But this addiction has the opposite character than I expected. I thought that with increased hunting, the damage caused by game would decrease. In the case of my investigation, the amount of damage has an increasing tendency despite the increased catch.
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Okus dřevin při různých způsobech ošetření proti buřeni na LHC Střílky
Navrátil, Jakub
This bachelor work "Damage of trees at different ways of protecting against weeds at LHC Střílky" examines the effectiveness of treatment for weed grazing on artificially regenerated stands. These damage caused by red deer mainly. For comparison, the authors also explored grazing on natural regeneration in designated transects, which allows us to observe the effect on various means of protection against natural way of recovery. Bachelor work also deals with not only biological, but also economics way. From the obtained results, mentions a proposal for the best solution in terms of the economy and also in terms of good growth cultures.
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Influence of vertebrates on recovery spruce and rowan growth in natural spruce forest of Krkonoše
SÍČOVÁ, Petra
Animal influence has in wood ecosystem big importace. Previously responded amount of animals to population curves of big beasts of prey. Since the time, when man started to regulate animals, he has to database, how big is each population and which density of animals is optimal according to local conditions. The aim of my work was to find out the influence of vertebrates on recovery and growth of Sorbus aucuparia and Picea abies. The research, I have been doing during growing season of the year 2007, contained field work on four LRA and one transect in Krkonoše. Work involved monitoring movement notes of vertebrates, schematic layouts of tree rings of experimental nurslings of spruce and measuring seeding of rowan. Counting, layouts and measurings were processed into schedules and consequently analysed. It was found, that amount of deer animals is raising and its influence on recovery is therefore more significant. Damage, which was found out on plants of spruce has raised since year 2000. Results has shown, that the slight browsing has increased by 10% compared to year 2000. Big effect on rowan recovery has instead of other also altitude which is connected with climatic conditios. By reason of raising deer animals in the area of Krkonoše national park and necessity its regulation, further monitoring of vertebrate influence on wood ecosystem is recomended.
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Plant responses to deer browsing and the consequences for further browsing
Dudlová, Tamara ; Lepková, Barbora (advisor) ; Štenc, Jakub (referee)
(English) The bachelor thesis focuses on the interaction of plants and herbivores, specifically deer. The main question is if (and possibly how) the changes induced in the plants by deer browsing affect the probability of re-browsing. I tried to answer the question by reviewing published literature. Plants respond to browsing by tolerance (compensatory growth) or resistance (production of defensive chemical compounds), depending on the plant's life strategy. Tolerance prevails in adult woody plants and grasses; resistance prevails in young woody plants and forbs. In resistant plants, browsing increases the content of phenolic substances and decreases the cellulose content, while tolerant species react in the opposite way. It is the contents of these substances, which are negatively correlated, that are key to food selection by deer. Large species of deer generally prefer plants with more cellulose, which they are able to digest efficiently. Smaller species prefer plants with lower cellulose content and higher concentration of simple sugars. These more nutritious plants are protected from browsing by phenolic substances, which smaller deer species are able to neutralize more effectively. Only a few studies have addressed the issue of re-browsing of the same plants, and their results are ambiguous....
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Effects of wild ungulates on vegetation in an abandoned landscape
Horčičková, Eva ; Herben, Tomáš (advisor) ; Diekmann, Martin (referee) ; Tichý, Lubomír (referee)
Wild ungulates are considered one of the major drivers for shaping terrestrial ecosystems, which has been developing since the early Cenozoic. Understanding the effects of ungfulates on vegetation is necessary for qualified knowledge how European landscape looked prior to human habitation and how it would look like without human intervention. Further, such understanding is of practical importance as management information necessary for managing abandoned landscapes. While the present-day wild ungulate European fauna does not contain several large grazers like auroch (Bos primigenius) anymore, the landscape has long been affected by them. It thus possesses historical experience of response to large grazers, which has been further maintained by livestock grazing. Importantly, the European landscape is experiencing a steady increase of populations of deer (Cervidae) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) with major effects of vegetation and landscape structure. While the effects of these present-day dominants have been studied mainly in forest habitats, there is a growing evidence that they both promote species diversity of forest understory and, interestingly, preferably feed in open vegetation and thus can affect broader landscape heterogeneity. The main aim of this thesis is therefore to examine effects of...
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Využití statistické provozní inventarizace jako základ monitoringu vývoje škod zvěří na ŠLP Křtiny, LÚ Borky
Brandejsová, Markéta
The aim of this work is to analyze data on the damage caused by game from the database Field-Map program of operational statistical inventory. This inventory was carried out in 280 inventory plots to forestry section Borky school forest enterprise Masaryk forest Křtiny, in 2003, 2008 and 2013. Another aim is a suggest a method and a method of long-term monitoring of game damage to forests. Information on damage by game were evaluate in the relevant graphs in relation to the type of stand (coniferous, broadleaf and mixture) edaphic categories and game evidence (above game hunting). Next, the data were compared based on the general linear models in statistics. At principal species and accessory species in relation to the growth was the considerable increase by game damage. Data of game damage depending on edaphic categories showed the greatest harm to the ecological variety of nutrients. After the use of SPI in this work (the evaluation) and keep to relenvat principle of this system, this method was recommend as flexible method for long-term monitoring of the development of game damage to LÚ Borky.
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Uplatnění tisu obecného (Taxus baccata L.) v lesníh porostech na území CHKO Moravský Kras
Trněný, Miroslav
Thema of the thesis is to analyse actual state and predict future application of english yew (Taxus baccata L.) in forest sites at chosen parts of PLA Moravský kras. Structure of parent stand and natural regeneration is analyzed on locations of interest Habrůvecká tůň, Lažánky, Sloup and Macocha. There was measured height, dbh, height of the crown, projection of the crown and space situations were drawned for mature individuals. In case of natural regeneration every individual was measured for height, distance from assumed parent tree, age and damage by game. At locations of interest were analysed 82 mature individuals. Height ranges from 1,7 to 13,4 m and dbh ranges from 4,1 to 33,7 cm. Natural regeneration containing 260 individuals was found near 35 mature yews and 58% was younger than 5 years. Damage by browsing was observed at 51 individuals, respectively 19,6 % of population. Mostly, trees older than 5 years are damaged. Damage is often repetitive. Only two individuals from natural regeneration are higher than 1m. From research is apparent negative influence of game on natural regeneration. Future of yew population in PLA Moravský Kras is conditioned to elimination of negative influence of game, which can be achieved by lowering numbers of game or suitable protection of trees.
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Škody zvěří na lesních porostech v honitbě Ujčov
Nedoma, Jaroslav
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of the amount of damage found in the selected localities with the occurrence of game damage on the young forest stands in the hunting grounds of Ujčov. The evaluation of the data was carried out on young spruce stands in parts of hunting grounds Chlébské and Lískovec. In these areas, both simple addition methods and sample plot were used, with the subsequent comparison of the credibility of the data found. The actual determination of the amount of damage was made using the formula stated in Decree No. 55/1999 Coll. The damage so determined was then compared to the results from publicly available sources found in previous years.
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